劳动力成本提高考验“中国制造”
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">近期，劳资矛盾成为社会关注的焦点。为什么珠三角出现民工荒但工人工资仍难提高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">?</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">为什么劳资矛盾会在这段时期凸现出来</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">?</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这将对中国经济产生怎样的影响</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">?</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">中国低廉劳动力优势还能走多远</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">?</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">本报记者试着寻找答案。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">最近不少农民工主动在网上爆料自己的工资条比谁赚的钱更少，东莞石碣创新电子厂三月份的一张普通员工的工资条：</span><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">底薪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 250 </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，绩效</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 50</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元</span><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，周六津贴</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 50</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元</span><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，全勤</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 30</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，基本工资</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 545</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元</span><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，夜宵补助</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> 8</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，加班工资合计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">303</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，加班时间长达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">121</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">小时。扣去伙食费</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">165</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，燃气费</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">14</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元、福利费</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">10</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，罚款</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">25</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，每个月上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">29</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">天班，共计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">370</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">多个小时，没有缺席过的普通员工的收入共计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">642</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在东莞这样高消费的地方，这点收入可怎么活啊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">?”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">网友评论说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">华南农业大学经济学院教授罗明忠向本报记者表示，在珠三角地区，制造业工人平均工作时间都在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">10</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">个小时以上，工人必须靠加班才能达到自己想要的工资。不少企业老板认为工人一个月可以拿到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1800</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元以上的工资已经很高了，但是却没有不认为这些工人是在超负荷劳动的基础上才赚到的。工人的基本薪酬仍很低。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">珠三角的民工荒目前还是建立在工资福利不高的基础上的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">罗明忠说。数据显示，虽然近些年中国经济持续快速发展，但居民分配份额却不断下降。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1993</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">2007</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年，中国居民</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><a href="http://www.lawtime.cn/info/laodong/ldanlildbc/" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'"><span lang="EN-US">劳动报酬</span></span></a></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">占</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">GDP</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">比重由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">49.49%</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">降至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">39.74%</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。而劳动者报酬在初次分配中的比重在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">2000</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">2007</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">8</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年间下滑了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">11.7</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">个百分点。在过去二十二年里，资本报酬比重反升两成，这表明劳动者的收入并没有随着财富的增长而增长。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">工资性收入的合理增长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">成为公众最迫切意愿。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20.1pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">追问</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20.1pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">出口加工企业仍未完全复苏</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">罗明忠表示，有三大原因导致了近段时间劳资矛盾凸现。首先就是目前的物价上涨，生活成本不断升高，但是工人的薪资却没有明显变化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">另外，目前以出口为主的加工企业受到经济危机影响，虽然情况有所好转，但是整体盈利能力还没有完全恢复。人民币升值压力增加，订单不稳定等问题，直接影响企业的生存。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一位在南海松岗专门做食品出口的企业老板梁虹</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">(</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">化名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">)</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">昨天告诉本报记者，他们为外商生产一瓶饮料才赚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">0.1</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">0.15</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元。而且竞争非常激烈，仅在公司周围就有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">10</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">多家同类企业，大家相互压价，现在原材料不断上涨，企业过得很艰难。还有一个重要的原因就是现在的农民工和上一代农民工在观念上也有差异。罗明忠表示，上一代民工工作目标比较单一，就是赚钱养家。但是现在的民工更关注个人价值的实现，关注前途，这导致工人的忍耐力下降，矛盾也容易激化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">有些员工说今天不干就马上走人，我们都是流水线作业，少了一个人生产就很难进行。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">梁虹说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20.1pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">影响</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20.1pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世界工厂</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">面临转型挑战</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">中国</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世界工厂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的地位，很大一部分依赖于低廉的人力成本。尤其是加工贸易更是由于人力成本上的优势而在世界商品市场占据举足轻重的位置。当前加工贸易约占中国贸易总量的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">50%</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，为中国成为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世界工厂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">发挥了重要作用，也为中国创造了名义上的巨额贸易顺差。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">但是在国际分工体系中，加工贸易处于产业链的最低端，利润率极低。有数据表明，目前加工贸易的利润仅仅在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">5%</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">左右。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">和汇率变动一样，人力成本的上涨同样考验着中国制造。据悉，广东今年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">5</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">日开始已经提高了最低工资标准，其中广州提高两成，全国还有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">10</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">多个省份准备提高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">Cye.com.cn</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">最低工资标准。而加薪也日渐提上企业日程。深圳一家代工企业宣布加薪两成二，梁虹的公司工人的工资已经从去年的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1000</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元上涨到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1500</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元，如果加上加班费等，一个月下来有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">1800</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">2000</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">元。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不涨没有办法，招不到人也留不住人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">罗明忠表示，从最近几起劳资冲突事件上看，未来工厂提高工资待遇的可能性大大增强，而且会给予员工更多的人文关怀。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">中国低廉劳动力时代或许已接近尾声。人力成本的增加，势必会打破目前我国制造业的经济模式，在越南、泰国等东南亚国家、非洲等地其更加低廉的人力成本正在引起世界加工业的注意。不少服装企业反映，东南亚一些国家已经开始跟他们抢订单。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">传统的低工资、低成本、低利润的制造业模式必将升级换代。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">罗明忠表示。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:20pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">业内人士表示，中国企业如果仍然沉浸于尽情享受着廉价劳动力带来的优势</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">,</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">停留在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">中国组装</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">“</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世界工厂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">”</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的低附加值模式</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">,</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">而不主动向自主研发、自主品牌模式进行转型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt">,</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">未来将面临可持续发展的问题</span></p>
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